The reflex arc is the short cut of signals through the spine

The reflex arc is the short cut of reflex actions, these require relay nerve cells in the spine that redirect signals to motor neurons, straight to muscles

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OpenStax AnatPhys fig.15.8 - Short and Long Reflexes - English labels

A neuromuscular model of human locomotion combines spinal reflex circuits with voluntary movements

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The reflex arc is the short cut of signals through the spine

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What is the Role of the Brain in Reflex Action?